Victoria’s bushfire management sector continually works to improve the data and science that inform its decisions. As technology improves, better data becomes available, research programs elicit new knowledge, or mapping accuracy is enhanced, the models improve and metrics, such as fuel-driven bushfire risk or ecosystem metrics, are recalculated.
Each year, updates are made to this report to respond to these improvements – ensuring the best-available models and data inform public reporting.
Readers should compare this report and past and future reports in that context. For the most accurate view of current and historical figures, you should always consult the most recent bushfire risk management report.
Appendix 1: Changes to reported fuel-driven bushfire risk
This year’s report includes improvements as they were made to fire history data leading to re-calculation of fuel-driven bushfire risk across multiple years. This reflects Victoria's commitment to continuous improvement of models and datasets. Changes to reported State and Regional risk calculations are shown in Table 50 and Table 51.
Table 50: State-wide changes to reported fuel-driven bushfire risk resulting from continuous improvement of fire history layer.
| Report year | 2018–19 | 2019–20 | 2020–21 | 2021–22 | 2022–23 | 2023-24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Recalculated fuel-driven bushfire risk at EOFY 2022–23 | 69% | 63% | 62% | 62% | 65% | n/a |
| Reported fuel-driven bushfire risk at end of 2023–24 season | 69% | 63% | 63% | 62% | 65% | 64% |
Table 51: Changes to reported regional risk levels, Victoria, 2022–24.
Region | Barwon South West | Gippsland | Grampians | Hume | Loddon Mallee | Port Phillip |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reported 2022–23 fuel-driven bushfire risk | 58% | 46% | 77% | 71% | 73% | 89% |
| Recalculated 2022–23 fuel-driven bushfire risk as at EOFY 2023–24 | 60% | 46% | 76% | 71% | 74% | 89% |
Mapping improvement for areas treated by planned burning is the primary source of fluctuation in fuel-driven bushfire risk numbers from year to year – as fire history information is improved, this often changes the modelled risk to houses. This applies to a lesser extent to bushfires, where updated coverage and severity mapping can sometimes influence risk profiles.
Appendix 2: Changes to reported ecosystem resilience
As with reported fuel-driven bushfire risk, the improvements in mapping and accounting of areas treated by planned burning and subsequent re-modelling influence the calculation of ecosystem resilience metrics. Changes to reported TFI and GSS are shown in Table 52, Table 53, Table 54 and Table 55.
Table 52: Changes to reported Tolerable Fire Interval, Victoria, 2022–23.
Year | Below Min TFI | Within TFI | Above Max TFI | No Fire History |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-23 Reported | 50% | 28% | 2% | 20% |
| 2022-23 Recalculated with fire history improvements | 49% | 28% | 2% | 21% |
Table 53: Changes to reported Growth Stage Structure, Victoria, 2022–23.
Year | Juvenile | Adolescent | Mature | Old Growth | No Fire History |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-23 Reported | 15% | 27% | 34% | 4% | 20% |
| 2022-23 Recalculated with fire history improvements | 15% | 26% | 34% | 4% | 21% |
Table 54: Changes to reported Growth Stage Structure, Regions, 2022–23.
Region | Year | Juvenile | Adolescent | Mature | Old Growth | No Fire History |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barwon South West | 2022-23 Reported | 7% | 9% | 16% | 42% | n/a |
| Gippsland | 2022-23 Reported | 28% | 41% | 23% | 1% | 7% |
| Grampians | 2022-32 Reported | 6% | 20% | 40% | 6% | 28% |
| Hume | 2022-23 Reported | 17% | 33% | 37% | 2% | 11% |
| Loddon Mallee | 2022-23 Reported | 3% | 8% | 42% | 5% | 42% |
| Port Phillip | 2022-23 Reported | 12% | 30% | 43% | 2% | 12% |
Table 55: Changes to reported Tolerable Fire Interval, Regions, 2022–23.
Region | Year | Below Min TFI | Within TFI | Above Max TFI | No Fire History |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barwon South West | 2022-23 Reported | 23% | 40% | 10% | n/a |
| Gippsland | 2022-23 Reported | 71% | 21% | 7% | n/a |
| Grampians | 2022-32 Reported | 39% | 30% | 25% | n/a |
| Hume | 2022-23 Reported | 56% | 31% | 1% | n/a |
| Loddon Mallee | 2022-23 Reported | 26% | 25% | 2% | 42% |
| Port Phillip | 2022-23 Reported | 48% | 38% | 1% | n/a |
Appendix 3: Changes to FFMVic reported costs
Changes in the split between direct and indirect costs have been applied retrospectively in Table 56 to enable a direct comparison between the financial years shown, based on the accounting method developed in 2018–19 and applied in subsequent years.
FFMVic’s fuel management program investment is split between direct and indirect costs. Specific amendments have been made to better capture the activities related to fuel management and non-fuel management investment, possible due to improvements made to the accounting method and categorisation of expense types over time. The changes reported in this section for direct and indirect investment for the fuel management program from 2016–17 to 2021–22 is the result of changes made to the categorisation of costs as being direct, indirect and/or non-fuel management expenses.
Direct costs relate to investment that can be directly and reliably assigned to individual fuel management operations (such as materials, plant and aircraft hire, overtime and allowances, overnight accommodation and meals).
Indirect fuel management costs include expenses relating to base salaries, training, vehicles, equipment, planning and community engagement. This year, indirect costs also include investment in native vegetation improvements, which are activities undertaken to offset impacts to biodiversity resulting from FFMVics bushfire fuel management activities.
Non-fuel management expenses are typically those relating to preparedness and fire and emergency response activities (such as fire radio network costs, systems and aviation spending). These are not reflected in Table 56.
There are no changes to FFMVic’s fuel management investment data for 2022–23. In Table 56 the column for '2023–24 ($m)' will not be completed until 2024–25, when any adjustments to previously reported costs will be made. In the previous year (2022–23), data was mistakenly entered under the 2022–23 column instead of the 2021–22 column. This error has been corrected and is reflected in Table 56.
Table 56: Changes to reported FFMVic fuel management investment from 2016-17 to 2023–24.
Report year | 2016–17 ($m) | 2017–18 ($m) | 2018–19 ($m) | 2019–20 ($m) | 2020–21 ($m) | 2021–22 ($m) | 2022–23 ($m) | 2023–24 ($m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total fuel management investment reported in current year (based on current accounting method) | 97.9 | 113.5 | 121.7 | 109.2 | 155.8 | 151.0 | 141.1 | x |
| Direct fuel management investment | 11.2 | 14.6 | 18.2 | 10.9 | 42.4 | 37.3 | 24.2 | x |
| Indirect fuel management investment | 86.7 | 98.9 | 103.5 | 98.2 | 113.4 | 113.7 | 117 | x |
| Total fuel management investment reported in that year | 107.9 | 107.8 | 121.7 | 109.2 | 155.8 | 151.0 | 141.1 | x |
| Direct fuel management investment reported in that year | 40.0 | 30.4 | 18.2 | 10.9 | 42.4 | 37.3 | 24.2 | x |
| Indirect fuel management investment reported in that year | 67.9 | 77.4 | 103.5 | 98.2 | 113.4 | 113.7 | 117 | x |
| Net change in fuel management reported investment | –10.0 | 5.7 | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | x |
Updated